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History of the Fighting Tomahawk (and Best Models)

Tomahawk
We take a look at the history behind the tomahawk, its service alongside soldiers, and some of our favorite models to have around the house.
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    Every nation’s history is filled with iconic weapons that help to define its past.

    The Romans had the gladius, while the Italians had their WW1 trench fighting knives.

    America…well, she has the tomahawk.

    Tomahawk
    Behold the mighty tomahawk.

    Though predominantly associated with the American Indians, this unmistakable weapon played quite a role within the American soldier’s life.

    The reason for this is simple. A tomahawk is truly a fierce weapon.

    Its quick nature, bushcraft use, and ability to strike absolutely devastating blows earned its place in history.

    But why did the tomahawk spread throughout the New World like wildfire once it reached our shores? And does it have a place in the modern world?

    Hendrick Tomahawk
    The brave old Hendrick, the great Sachem or chief of the Mohawk Indians, one of the six nations in alliance with, and subject to the king of Great Britain.

    If you’re looking for answers, we got ‘em!

    Read on to discover just what we can glean from the history of the fighting tomahawk and what the future holds.

    Tomahawk
    Tomahawk

    Table of Contents

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    The Origin of the Tomahawk

    When entering an unknown world – a place that nobody has visited – it’s best to be prepared.

    It was this insight that led John Smith and the rest of the Jamestown settlers to ensure they had the necessary gear they needed to survive in the New World.

    Captain John Smith
    Captain John Smith (Photo: History.com)

    Knowing a great deal of their time would be spent building homes, fences, barns, and chopping firewood, the men of Jamestown frequently carried hatchets with them throughout their day.

    The settling of Jamestown quickly brought the early settlers into contact with American Indians – particularly the Virginia Algonquin. This tribe stretched from the Hudson Bay all the way down to Virginia.

    English Arrive Jamestown
    English arrive in Jamestown

    The Algonquin were fascinated by these weapons. Those who inhabited the region, roughly 14,000 to 21,000 of them, referred to the hatchets as tomahac — the Algonquin word meaning “to strike.”

    Though this term was originally used to define any type of striking weapon, with time, the word “tomahawk” came to mean only one thing…a small metal ax.

    Prior to the introduction of metal tools, the American Indians throughout North America relied upon stone knives and axes.

    Ok so maybe not these specific knives…but you get the point.

    The ability to use metal for any kind of cutting completely revolutionized how they viewed their old tools and weapons. American Indians instantly recognized the benefits of a metal edge.

    Axes and clubs had long been a symbol of power and status amongst American Indian tribes. But the possession of a true metal tomahawk took that status symbol to a new extreme.

    Because of this, metal tomahawks soon became extremely popular trade items with the American Indians.

    This helped early settlers get corn, squash, and other necessities in return. (All needed supplies to survive the long winters of the New World.)

    The French and Indian War

    After repeated invasions by the French into British-owned regions, England declared war in 1756.

    The Huron, Shawnee, Ottowa, and Delaware were just some of the American Indian tribes united with the French.

    Meanwhile, the Iroquois – mortal enemies of the Huron – sided with the British, among many other tribes.

    Conference Between French and Indian Leaders
    Conference Between French and Indian Leaders

    (Seriously, if you study the French and Indian War, all of the tribes involved quickly grows confusing.)

    This widespread recruitment of American Indians for war led to the tomahawk’s extensive use in battle.

    Johnson saving Dieskau
    General Johnson saving a fallen French soldier.

    Due to this, the greater part of the Thirteen Colonies quickly realized just how effective this weapon could be.

    This led to its widespread adoption as a choice of close combat weapon in the war to come.

    Chopping Down Tyranny

    Enter the War for Independence.

    After years of tyranny, the Declaration of Independence was signed by 56 incredibly brave men.

    Benjamin Franklin and John Adams meeting with Thomas Jefferson, standing, to study a draft of the Declaration of Independence. (Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images)
    Benjamin Franklin and John Adams meeting with Thomas Jefferson, standing, to study a draft of the Declaration of Independence. (Credit: Universal History Archive/Getty Images)

    England instantly viewed the presence of such a document as a sign of the “unruliness” of Americans and continued to ship even more soldiers over the Atlantic to quash the “rebellion.”

    After British troops killed civilians during the Boston Massacre, the War for Independence began. And we geared up to kick butt.

    Boston Massacre
    Boston Massacre

    The flintlock musket was the most technologically advanced firearm of its time. Both British soldiers, Hessian mercenaries, and Americans would have all had them.

    However, their rate of fire was incredibly slow. When it came to hand-to-hand combat, a backup weapon was needed.

    Continental Congress understood this. As a result, they mandated all American soldiers carry either a sword or a tomahawk into battle.

    The Patriot Mel Gibson
    The Patriot’s Mel Gibson wielding a tomahawk.

    Several patriots followed suit, commanding their men to carry tomahawks into battle as well.

    Colonel Thomas Knowlton (who’s coincidentally on the logo of the Virginia Citizen’s Defense League) was one of them.

    He raised a group of fighters known as Knowlton’s Rangers who carried tomahawks as they performed reconnaissance missions, probing enemy lines.

    Perhaps the most famous of Knowlton’s Rangers is Nathan Hale. You know him best from a little sentence that goes something like…“I regret that I have but one life to give for my country.”

    Execution of Nathan Hale
    Execution of Nathan Hale

    Had it not been for these tomahawk-wielding men, America may never have existed.

    The Tomahawk Travels West

    The tomahawk already made a name for itself amongst the Eastern seaboard.

    However, not knowing what lay immediately to the west was a source of great consternation amongst early Americans.

    In a quest to know more about what the New World contained, Thomas Jefferson sent the Corp of Discovery west with a simple mission…Go as far as they possibly could.

    You may have heard of the leaders of this mission, Lewis and Clark.

    Lewis and Clark
    Lewis and Clark (Photo: NEH)

    Prior experience taught them that the tomahawk was one of the most prized bartering goods amongst American Indians.

    If the mission was to succeed, it would need the currency necessary to buy food, hire scouts, and purchase other goods.

    The tomahawk fit the bill perfectly. As a result, the Corps of Discovery was outfitted with hundreds of tomahawks for bartering purposes.

    As time went on and the tomahawk became a quintessential part of American Indian weaponry throughout the U.S., different variants of the popular weapon popped up throughout the country.

    The Missouri War Axe was one of these — a long, thin-bladed hatchet with a very short handle favored among the American Indians around the great bend of the Missouri River.

    Missouri War Axe
    Missouri War Axe

    The Spontoon Tomahawk was another variant, boasting a dagger-like blade and a curved appendage near the top.

    Still, another was the Spiked Tomahawk, which – you guessed it – had a spike.

    Big Elk Holding Spontoon Tomahawk
    Big Elk Holding Spontoon Tomahawk

    The tomahawk quickly found itself ingrained in American Indian culture throughout the western half of the United States. Both settlers and soldiers quickly found reason to feel fear for its use in combat.

    Why?

    Because in close quarters, the tomahawk proved an extremely lethal weapon. Wounds it left on the dead were unmistakable.

    LT. Kidder and men dead by Tomahawks
    LT. Kidder and his men died by tomahawks.

    Bodies left behind hacked to pieces by a tomahawk were a form of psychological warfare that imprinted themselves upon soldiers and cowboys.

    Taking the Hawk to the Jungle

    Modern warfare led to the decline of the tomahawk as a weapon.

    World War I and II set it upon the shelf as an interesting weapon of the past, nothing more.

    And then came Vietnam.

    1965, US military Photo by SAUER Jean-Claude
    VIETNAM, 1965 (Photo by SAUER Jean-Claude/Paris Match via Getty Images)

    The Vietnam War was different than any other war America fought up until that time.

    Repeated patrols through dense jungle led to very close combat with the Viet Cong – causing many Americans to rely on a pump-action 12-gauge as their primary weapon of choice.

    The enemy was constantly so close and the jungle so dense that the shotgun’s spread and stopping power were both incredibly practical.

    Popular 12ga Shotgun Ammo
    Popular 12ga Shotgun Ammo

    Peter LaGana, a World War II vet of Mohawk descent and president of the American Tomahawk Company, saw an opportunity.

    Understanding the need for a close combat weapon melee weapon that Vietnam required, and knowing the tomahawk would work well, he began mass production of a special spiked version of the tomahawk.

    This version became known simply as the Vietnam Tomahawk.

    Brothers in War Vietnam
    Soldiers make their way through dense jungle in Vietnam. (Photo: Brothers in War)

    American troops overseas loved this new hawk. Thousands were purchased as a result.

    It was used for digging trenches, clearing trees for Huey helicopter landing pads, and, yes, close combat as well.

    One particular story we have from this time involves a soldier using his hawk to kill four enemy soldiers after he lost his rifle in the chaos of battle.

    The Current World

    Even in a world of grenades, Predator drones, and automatic weapons, the hawk is most certainly not a shelved weapon.

    American soldiers used them throughout both Afghanistan and Iraq, chiefly to smash doors, deflate tires, break locks, and open crates.

    US Army Tomahawk
    U.S. Army Spc. Kirk Calabrese with Bravo Company, 2nd Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment throws a tomahawk during the final event of the Top Tomahawk competition at Forward Operating Base Spin Boldak in Kandahar province, Afghanistan, March 31, 2013. (Photo Credit: Staff Sgt. Shane Hamann)

    Modern tomahawks can even penetrate a Kevlar helmet!

    Seal Team 6 carried tomahawks on their hunt for Osama bin Laden, and a tomahawk is included within each Stryker vehicle as a part of the tool kit.

    Stryker
    U.S. Soldiers from the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment out of Vilseck, Germany, participate in a Joint Task Force-East training exercise at Novo Selo Training Range, Bulgaria, Sept. 3, 2009. (DoD photo by Master Sgt. Cecilio Ricardo, U.S. Air Force/Released)

    As you can see, the tomahawk is here to stay, even when it comes to modern warfare.

    The Practicality of Fighting

    When it comes to melee fighting, the tomahawk has a lot going for it.

    The light weight of the head makes it an incredibly fast weapon that can wreak absolute destruction after a full swing.

    Tomahawks
    Pretty cool.

    However, that would be the low-hanging fruit. The tomahawk offers other uses aside from the quintessential full swing.

    For starters, the hook of the blade can be used to “grab” either an enemy’s weapon or various limbs. This gives the user the ability to manipulate the enemy for further attack as the opponent can either be disarmed or “opened up” for a stab or future chop.

    Tomahawk
    Tomahawk blade.

    And if one is stuck in a very close quarters situation such as a hallway, the handle can be choked up on so that the fist is closer to the head.

    When this is done, short punching type of motions or smaller swings can be used in lieu of a full swing. This will still allow the user to disable an enemy.

    In short, the number of uses in combat means that the tomahawk is a highly effective weapon. In the hands of a skilled user, it can be utilized for a wide variety of combat techniques.

    The Best Tomahawks on the Market

    Despite its long military career, tomahawks aren’t just for American troops.

    There are a number of great brands out there crafting quality hawks well worth you looking into.

    I’ve long been interested in tomahawks, following the market on them for over 10 years now.

    Tomahawk

    I can unequivocally state that the best tomahawks out there and most reasonably priced come from three companies: Gerber, CRKT, and SOG.

    Nobody else seems to make a high-quality hawk below $100 as these three do.

    Long a staple within the blade industry, Cold Steel has taken its hard-earned reputation into the tomahawk market as well.

    This is my favorite knife company out there. I’ve used their products for years on backpacking trips, but I can tell you this…avoid their hawks.

    Self Defense Knives Cold Steel Hideout
    Cold Steel knives — yes. Tomahawks – nah.

    Cold Steel tomahawks arrive pitted, dull, and generally appear to possess lower quality than other brands.

    Don’t get me wrong; I like Cold Steel. As I mentioned, they’re my favorite knife company, but tomahawks…not so much.

    With that said, let’s jump into four of my favorite tomahawks you can keep around the house!

    Favorite

    1. CRKT Nobo Tomahawk

    CRKT makes high-quality and cool-looking blades that are affordable to the average joe. For this reason, they’ve grown on me over the years.

    You don’t have to drop $300 to get a good blade and that’s nice.

    CRKT Nobo Tomahawk In hand
    CRKT Nobo Tomahawk In hand

    The Nobo Tomahawk weighs in at less than 2-pounds. It measures roughly 19-inches in length and offers a 1055 carbon steel blade.

    If you’re looking for a fast hawk to use, this may be just what you’re looking for.

    $67
    at Amazon

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Available Coupons

    2. CRKT Chogan

    When you’re out in the woods, the more versatile your tools are, the less you have to carry.

    If you can get a tomahawk with a hammer head, this potentially saves you a significant amount of weight.

    CRKT Chogan in hand
    CRKT Chogan in hand

    Overall, the Chogan weighs 1.99-pounds with a total length of 19-inches. It offers a 1055 Carbon Steel blade paired with a Tennessee Hickory Handle.

    Looking for another traditional style and beautifully crafted hawk, the Chogan will give you just that.

    If you do a lot of camping or need a hawk for around the homestead, this will likely be the most versatile one you can find.

    $52
    at Amazon

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Available Coupons

    3. SOG FastHawk

    If you prefer a more modern take on the tomahawk or are a fan of the Vietnam-style hawk, then you’re going to want to check out SOG.

    Sporting a 420 stainless steel blade, it measures 12.5-inches in total length with a blade length of 2-inches.

    SOG FastHawk Lifestyle
    SOG FastHawk

    Weighing 12-ounces, the FastHawk offers a sheath with a belt loop for easy carry.

    The FastHawk is designed to take a beating and is a very popular hawk for throwing as well.

    $50
    at Amazon

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Available Coupons

    4. Gerber Downrange Tomahawk

    At the high-end of this list is the Gerber Downrange Tomahawk.

    Though it comes in at close to $200, this hawk is less than 2-pounds and measures 19.27-inches in length.

    Gerber Downrange Tomahawk Lifestyle
    Gerber Downrange Tomahawk

    Made from 420HC steel, it sports a pry bar built into the G-10 handle. Bonus, it offers a MOLLE-compatible sheath.

    Even better, it comes from a brand with a reputation for toughness.

    $190
    at Amazon

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Prices accurate at time of writing

    Available Coupons

    Conclusion

    The tomahawk isn’t going anywhere anytime soon. Though it once had a much larger role in warfare than it does today, the truth is it’s just too useful to disappear.

    Tomahawk
    Take that stump!

    These tools are light, easier to repair than an ax, more wieldy in dense foliage, and a formidable weapon in the hands of a skilled user.

    All of these factors combined caused the hawk to cement its presence within the domain of homesteaders, soldiers, and patriots throughout America.

    Have experience with tomahawks? Are there other makes and models out there that you prefer? If so, let us know in the comments! If you’re looking for other firearm alternatives, check out Best Gun Alternatives!

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    10 Leave a Reply

    • tirod3

      I've tried a Condor, the one made from a single sheet of metal with the handle formed into a round shape. That offsets the head and it creates a twisting motion that causes the hawk to rotate in your grip. Constant hassle. The extended spike at the rear is also a bit long - consider carefully how much your previous use of a hammer to drive nails may have created and issue with you drawing back a bit far thinking you have clearance when the point of the spike touches your skull. Try taping a foam spear onto your favorite hammer ans see if it's an issue BEFORE you find out it is.

      At first I considered only the all metal hawks with a rounded bit to spike for it's leverage. Those were preferred for dismantling doors and gate hardware, and are useful for deconstruction of stick and wood interiors. Along with long beards with sharpened hooks and other more modern features it drives the costs up quickly. A standard hawk with wood shaft, hammer poll is plenty for woodcraft outdoors. There's were the cast head and wood handle - which can be expediently, or even moderately improved on - are at the advantage. All the demolition and gothic embellishment is where the expense is. And usually at a higher price than the commercial construction tools sold for the purpose. Watch out for the oneupmanship that happens among purchasers of tactical gear - it becomes a race to see who can get the latest greatest gear. At the expense literally of your credit card.

      The hawks reviewed are a good start - I've tried some of the others and no, not so much. Lagana had a reason he didn't push the concept into the kind of modernity that the M16 had created. A hawk's job hasn't changed that much, and making it an exercise in aeronautical engineering exercise - forged, machined, synthetic furniture - could be done. OR, we could just use one as it is.

      And watch that backswing.

      May 29, 2021 7:55 pm
      • Aden Tate

        Thanks for your comments! I'm glad you liked the article!

        May 31, 2021 7:28 am
    • rew

      "and a tomahawk is included within each Stryker vehicle as a part of the tool kit."

      Excuse me?? I work the fielding side of Striker for the Gov't . It is NOT an issue item in the tool kit.
      Whomever told you that outright lied.

      It is, however, a unit approved, individually purchased , supplemental item in some units equipped with STRYKER.

      What the soldiers get in their "tool kit" is a plain old, USG issued single bladed axe as well as a mattox and a shovel.

      May 28, 2021 1:47 pm
      • Aden Tate

        Ah, gosh. Sorry about that. I suppose I was led astray on that. While I was researching for the article I'd come across a source saying they were included within every Stryker team. Thank you for the clarification though.

        And thank you for your service as well. I truly appreciate it.

        May 31, 2021 7:21 am
    • Mike

      I use the crkt chogan for commercial diving in the gulf of mexico. We are always needing to remove marine growth on oil platforms for inspections and construction. It's not uncommon to have to chop through 3 or more inches of growth and the chogan does a fine job of making it go bye bye. Between, bristle worms, sea urchins, lion fish and fire corral, there are all kinds of things that can poke holes in you or sting you. I also use the beard of the hawk to pull myself along the platform to keep me out of the one-run stuff.

      May 27, 2021 1:49 pm
      • Mike

        Auto correct strikes again........it's un-fun.

        May 27, 2021 1:52 pm
    • Alternator

      Less history. More tomahawk. RMJ? Halfbreed? Condor? Estwing? Hogue? Tops? American Tomahawk Co? Jeesh.

      May 25, 2021 7:40 pm
      • Aden Tate

        Sorry you didn't like the history aspect of things. I suppose I figured that was what I was mainly excited about, and had hopes other readers would be as well.

        As far as buyer's guide entries go on some of the brands you mentioned, here's my take:

        American Tomahawk Co - In my opinion, these are all slightly different variants of the exact same hawk that are overpriced. If somebody likes this style of hawk, I think that SOG does a much better job.

        Condor - I do like Condor, so yes, I suppose this is a brand that could have been mentioned.

        Estwing - If I'm looking for a sledge hammer or a shingle hatchet to work on my roof, I'll consider Estwing, but they're not even on my radar when I'm considering a tomahawk for the woods. Not that they couldn't be used in the woods (a tool is a tool), but there are other brands I think people think of when the word "tomahawk" comes to mind.

        Anyways, I hope this helps!

        May 31, 2021 7:25 am
    • Alternator

      You say Gerber makes a quality tomahawk under $100. Then you show a $200 Gerber tomahawk. You say "best tomahawks on the market," then you show three cheap ones. How about just one or two of the best in multiple price ranges?

      May 25, 2021 7:31 pm
      • Aden Tate

        Ah, good catch. That was a oversight on my part.

        That being said, I don't think that a cheap price equates to a cheap tomahawk, and that the majority of people out in the market don't want to drop (or can) $200 on a tomahawk. That's why I focus on hawks under $100.

        Your tip on multiple price ranges is valid though, and I'll look at that in future buyer's guide articles.

        Thanks for the input!

        May 31, 2021 7:27 am
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